STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF MOBILE RADIATION AND IMPACT ON HEALTH: A CASE STUDY ON OCCURRENCE OF BRAIN TUMORS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53555/eijmhs.v5i2.69Keywords:
exposure, mobiles, radiation, riskAbstract
The mobile radiation seems to be severe among children than the adults because their skulls are tiny and thinner. Mobile phones emit radiations and RF-EMF is considered as a Group 2B (carcinogen) and the survey suggests that 10-year latency period is practically enough for the development of tumors. The studies from various groups involve cases of 35487 and controls about 82609. The results for meta- analysis of glioma gave an odd ratio OR=1.10, 95% CI=0.79-1.54 and for the latency period ≥10 years, OR=1.38, 95% CI=0.70-2.73. The highest risk was found in the age group below 20 years from the Hardell Group.
References
Lennart Hardell et al, “Long-term use of cellular phones and brain tumours: increased risk associated with use for > 10 years”, Occup Environ Med 64:626– 632.doi: 10.1136/oem.2006.029751, 2007.
Lennart Hardell, “World Health Organization, radiofrequency radiation and health - a hard nut to crack (Review)”, International Journal of Oncology, Doi: 10.3892/Ijo.2017.4046.
Lennart Hardell et al, “Pooled analysis of two case-control studies on the use of cellular and cordless telephones and risk of benign tumors diagnosed during 1997-2003”, International Journal Of Oncology 28: 509-518, November 2005.
L. Lloyd Morgana et al, “Why children absorb more microwave radiation than adults: The consequences”, Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure 2; 197–204; 2014.
Denis Aydin et al, “Mobile Phone Use and Brain Tumors in Children and Adolescents: A Multicenter Case–Control Study”, doi: 10.1093/jnci/djr244, JNCI July 2011.
Gandhi OP, Lazzi G, Furse CM, “Electromagnetic absorption in the human head and neck for mobile telephones at 835 and 1900 MHz?”, IEEE Trans Micro Theory Tech;44(10):1884–97;1996.
Wiart J, Hadjem A, Wong MF, Bloch I, “Analysis of RF exposure in the head tissues of children and adults”, Phys Med Biol; 53(13); 3681–95, 2008.
Kuster N, “Past, current, and future research on the exposure of children. Foundation for Research on Information Technology in Society (IT’IS)”, Foundation Internal Report; http://www1.itis.ethz.ch/index/index itis.html [accessed 08.12.10] 2009.
Christ A, Gosselin M-C et al, “Age-dependent tissue- specific exposure of cell phone users”, Phys Med Biol 55:1767–83, 2010.
Om P. Gandhi et al, “Exposure Limits: The underestimation of absorbed cell phone radiation, especially in children”, Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, Early Online: 1–18, DOI: 10.3109/15368378.2011.622827, 2011.
L. Hardell et al, “Case-control study on the use of cellular and cordless phones and the risk for malignant brain tumours”, INT. J. RADIAT. BIOL, vol. 78, no. 10; 931- 936, 2002.
Wilén J et al, “Subjective symptoms among mobile phone users - a consequence of absorption of radiofrequency fields?” Bioelectromagnetics 24: 152-159, 2003.
Hardell L et al, “Ionizing radiation, cellular telephones and the risk for brain tumours”. Eur J Cancer Prev 10: 523-529, 2001.
Cardis E et al, “Distribution of RF energy emitted by mobile phones in anatomical structures of the brain”, Phys Med Biol 53: 2771-2783, 2008.
Lennart Hardell et al, “Case- control study of the association between malignant brain tumours diagnosed between 2007 and 2009 and mobile and cordless phone use”, International Journal of Oncology 43: 1833-1845, 2013.
The Interphone Study Group, “Brain tumour risk in relation to mobile telephone use: Results of the Interphone international case-control study”, Int.J. Epidemiol. 39(3), 675–694; 2010.
Lennart Hardell and Michael Carlberg, “Mobile phone and cordless phone use and the risk for glioma –Analysis of pooled case-control studies in Sweden, 19972003 and 2007-2009”, Pathophysiol. 22 (1), 1–13; 2014.
Michael Carlberg et al, “Case-control study on occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields and glioma risk”, American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Wiley DOI 10.1002/ajim.22707, 2017.
Manya Prasad et al, “Mobile phone use and risk of brain tumors: a systematic review of the association between study quality, source of funding, and research outcomes”, Neurol Sci, Springer- Verlag Italia, DOI 10.1007/s10072-017-2850-8, 2017.
The INTERPHONE Study Group, “Acoustic neuroma risk in relation to mobile telephone use: Results of the INTERPHONE international case–control study”, Elsevier Cancer Epidemiology 2011.
Peter D. Inskip et al, “Cellular-Telephone Use and Brain Tumors”, The New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 344, No. 2, January 2001.
Lennart Hardell et al, “Pooled analysis of case-control studies on acoustic neuroma diagnosed 1997-2003 and 2007- 2009 and use of mobile and cordless phones”, International Journal of Oncology 43: 1036-1044, DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2025 (2013).
Lennart Hardell et al, “Use of mobile phones and cordless phones is associated with increased risk for glioma and acoustic neuroma”, Pathophysiology 20; 85– 110, 2013.
Michael Carlberg and Lennart Hardell, “Evaluation of Mobile Phone and Cordless Phone Use and Glioma Risk Using the Bradford Hill Viewpoints from 1965 on the Association or Causation”, Hindawi BioMed Research International Volume 2017, Article ID 9218486, 2017.
Michael Carlberg and Lennart Hardell, “Pooled analysis of Swedish case-control studies during 1997-2003 and 2007-2009 on meningioma risk associated with the use of mobile and cordless phones”, ONCOLOGY REPORTS 33: 3093-3098, DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3930 , 2015.
Lennart Hardell et al, “Pooled analysis of case- control studies on malignant brain tumors and the use of mobile and cordless phones, including living and deceased subjects”, International Journal of Oncology 38: 1465-1474, DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2011.947, 2011.
Lennart Hardell and Michael Carlberg, “Mobile phones, cordless phones and the risk for brain tumors”, International Journal of Oncology 35: 5-17, DOI: 10.3892/ijo_00000307; 2009.
Lennart Hardell et al, “Use of cellular telephones and risk of brain tumors: A case- control study”, International Journal of Oncology 15, 113-116, 1999.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 EPH - International Journal of Medical and Health Science (ISSN: 2456 - 6063)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
