ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE PATTERNS AND INFECTION CONTROL PRACTICES IN HOSPITAL-BASED CLINICAL SETTINGS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69980/kvbr3r49Keywords:
Antimicrobial resistance, multidrug-resistant organisms, ; infection control practicesAbstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a major threat to hospital-based healthcare because it increases treatment failure, prolongs hospitalization, and limits therapeutic options. Infection prevention and antimicrobial stewardship are essential for controlling the spread of multidrug-resistant organisms in clinical settings. This study aimed to assess antimicrobial resistance patterns and infection control practices in hospital-based clinical settings. A hospital-based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using two components: laboratory record review and healthcare worker assessment. Clinical specimens were reviewed to identify bacterial isolates and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Infection control practices were assessed among healthcare workers using a structured questionnaire and observation checklist. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and resistance patterns were summarized by organism type, antibiotic class, and multidrug resistance status. A total of 420 clinical specimens were reviewed, of which 276 showed bacterial growth, giving a culture positivity rate of 65.7%. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 71.7% of isolates. Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii. High resistance was observed against ampicillin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and cotrimoxazole. Overall multidrug resistance prevalence was 50.0%, with the highest rate among A. baumannii. Infection control compliance was variable, with lower compliance for hand hygiene before patient contact and regular infection control training. The findings highlight a substantial burden of antimicrobial resistance and persistent infection control gaps. Continuous surveillance, hospital-specific antibiograms, improved hand hygiene, regular staff training, and integrated antimicrobial stewardship are recommended.
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