COLORECTAL CANCER SCREENING “LITERATURE REVIEW”
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53555/eijmhs.v10i1.191Keywords:
World Health Organization, presumptively, abnormality, colorectal cancer, populationAbstract
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), screening consists of presumptively identifying, using tests applied
in a systematic and standardized manner, subjects suffering from a previously past disease or abnormality. unnoticed.
Screening tests must make it possible to divide people who are apparently healthy but who are probably suffering from a
given disease or abnormality from those who are probably free from it, Four controlled population studies were carried
out in Europe to test the feasibility and effectiveness of mass screening for colorectal cancer: Nottingham (Great Britain),
Funen (Denmark), Burgundy (France) and Gothenburg (Sweden). . The first three studies included subjects aged 45 or
50 to 74 years old. The Hemoccult test was offered every 2 years to half of the target population, the other half served as
a control. The Swedish study, involving subjects aged 60 to 64, is of limited interest because the screening test was only
carried out twice with simple follow-up afterwards
References
. Bibbins -Domingo K, Grossman DC, Curry SJ, Davidson KW, Epling JW, García FAR, et al. Screening for
Colorectal Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement . JAMA. June 21 , 2016;
(23):2564 -75.
. Pienkowski P. News and new tools in colorectal cancer screening. Assoc Fr Form Contin In Hepato-GastroEnterology - PostU 2013. 2013; 213 -24.
. Faivre J. Organized screening for colorectal cancer in Europe: current situation. Cancer Dig . 2010; 2(2):101 -3.
. [Online]. Public Health England . Population screening programmes: NHS bowel cancer screening (BCSP) program
- GOV.UK; [cited May 12, 2017]. Available: https://www.gov.uk/topic/population-screening-programmes/bowel
. Van Deen J. Tincture Guaijaci , Und ein Ozontrager , Als reagens auf Sehr Geringe Blutmengen , Name in
Medicoforensischen Fallen. Arch Holl Beitr Nat Heilk . 1864; 3:288 -3.3.
. Boas I. Uber Okkulte Magenblutungen . Dtsch Med Wochenschr . 1901; 27:315 -21.
. Mandel JS, Bond JH, Church TR et al. Reducing mortality from colorectal cancer byscreening for fecal occult blood
. N Engl J Med, 1993; 328:1365-1371.
. Kronborg O, Fenger C, Olsen J, Jorgensen OD, Sondergaard O. Randomized study of screening for colorectal cancer
with faecal-occult-blood test. Lancet, 1996; 348:1467-1471.
. Hardcastle JD, Chamberlain JO, Robinson MHE et al. Randomized controlled trial offaecal-occult-blood screening
for colorectal cancer. Lancet, 1996; 348:1472-1477.
. Colorectal cancer file: good reasons to implement screening . The Revue Prescrire, 1998 ; 187: 609-623.
. Ransohoff DF, Lang CA. Screening for colorectal cancer with the fecal occult blood test : a background paper .
American College of Physicians . Ann Intern Med, 1997; 126(10):811-822.
. European Commission, European guidelines for quality assurance in colorectal cancer screening . 2009.
. Fraser CG. A future for faecal haemoglobin measurements in the medical laboratory. Ann Clin Biochem 2012;
:518-26.14
. Halloran SP, Launoy G, Zappa M; International Agency for Research on Cancer. European guidelines for quality
assurance in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis . First Edition- Faecal occult blood testing.Endoscopy 2012;
(Suppl. 3): SE65-87.
. Hundt S, Haug U, Brenner H. Comparative evaluation of immunochemical fecal occult blood tests for colorectal
adenoma detection . Ann Intern Med 2009; 150:162-9.
. Carroll M, Piggott C, Pearson S, et al. Evaluation of Quantitative Faecal Immunochemical Tests for Haemoglobin.
NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Southern Program Hub 2013. http://www.worldendo.org/assets/downloads/
pdf / activities / fit_reports /gmec_fit_evaluation_report.pdf.
. Guittet L, Guillaume E, Levillain R, et al. Analytical comparison of three quantitative immunochemical fecal occult
blood tests for colorectal cancer screening. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011; 20:1492-501.
. Chausserie S, Levillain R, Puvinel J, et al. Seasonal variations do not affect the superiority of fecal immunochemical
tests over guaiac tests for colorectal cancer screening. Int J Cancer 2014.
. Raginel T, Puvinel J, Ferrand O, et al. Population- based comparison of immunochemical fecal occult blood tests for
colorectal cancer screening. Gastroenterology 2013; 144:918-25.
. Rosman AS, Korsten MA. Effect of verification bias on the sensitivity of fecal occult blood testing : to meta-analysis
. J Gen Intern Med 2010; 25: 1211-21.
. Lee JK, Liles EG, Bent S, et al. Accuracy of fecal immunochemical tests for colorectal cancer: systematic review
and meta-analysis . Ann Intern Med 2014; 160:171-81
. Hamza S, Dancourt V, Lejeune C, et al. Diagnostic yield of a one sample immunochemical test at different cut -off
values in an organized screening program for colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer 2013; 49:2727-33.
. Steele RJ, McDonald PJ, Digby J, et al. Clinical outcomes using a faecal immunochemical test for haemoglobin as
a first-line test in a national program constrained by colonoscopy capacity. United European GastroenterolJ 2013;
:198-205
. Guittet L, Bouvier V, Guillaume E, et al. Colorectal cancer screening:why immunochemical faecal occult blood test
performs as well with either one or two samples . Dig Liver Dis 2012; 44:694-9.
. Mosen DM, Liles EG, Feldstein AC, et al. Participant uptake of the fecal immunochemical test decreases with the
two-sample regimen compared with one- sample FIT. Eur J Cancer Prev 2014; 23:516-23.
. Vart G, Banzi R, Minozzi S. Comparing participation rates between immunochemical and guaiac faecal occult blood
tests: to systematic review and meta-analysis . Prev Med 2012; 55:87-92.
. Dorval E. Colorectal cancer screening: current situation and perspectives. Paris: Springer, 2006.129p.
. Loktionov A, O'Neill IK, Silvester KR, Cummings JH, Middleton SJ, Miller R. Quantification of DNA from
exfoliated colonocytes isolated from human stool surface as a novel noninvasive screening test for colorectal cancer.
Clinical Cancer Research , 1998; 4:337-342.
. Imperiale T, Ransohoff DF, Itzkowitz SH et al. Fecal DNA versus fecal occult blood for coorectal -cancer screening
in an average-risk population. N Engl J Med, 2004; 351:2704-2714.
. Imperiale TF, Wagner DR, Lin CY, Larkin GN, Rogge JD, Ransohoff DF. Risk of advanced proximal neoplasms in
asymptomatic adults according to the distal colorectal findings . N Engl J Med, 2000; 343:169-174.
. Lieberman DA, Weiss DG, Bond JH, Ahnen DJ, Garewal H, Chejfec G. Use of colonoscopy to screen asymptomatic
adults for colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med, 2000; 343:162-168.
. Atkin WS, Edwards R, Kralj -Hans I et al. Once- only flexible sigmoidoscopy screeningin prevention of colorectal
cancer: at a randomized multicenter controlled trial. Lancet, 2010; 375:1624-1633.
. Weissfeld JL, Schoen RE, Pinsky PF et al. Flexible sigmoidoscopy in the PLCO cancer screening trial: results from
the baseline screening examination of a randomized trial. J Natl Cancer Institute , 2005; 97:989-997.
. Segnan N, Senore C, Andreoni B et al. Baseline findings of the Italian Multicenter randomized Controlled Trial of
once- only sigmoidoscopy -SCORE. J Natl Cancer Institute , 2002; 94:1763-1772.
. Thiis-Evensen E, Hoff GS, Sauar J, Langmark F, Majak BM, Vatn MH. Populationbased surveillance by
colonoscopy : effect on the incidence of colorectal cancer. Scand JGastroenterol , 1999; 34:414-420.
. Hol L, Van Leerdam ME, Van Ballegooijen M et al. Screening for colorectal cancer: randomized trial comparing
guaiac-based and immunochemical faecal occult blood testing and flexible sigmoidoscopy . Gut, 2010; 59:62-68.
. Segnan N, Senore C, Andreoni B et al. Randomized trial of different screening strategies for colorectal cancer: patient
response and detection rates. J Natl Cancer Institute , 2005; 97:347-357.
. Winawer SJ, Zauber AG, Ho MN et al. Prevention of colorectal cancer by colonoscopy polypectomy . N Engl J Med,
; 329: 1977-1981.
. HAS report from January 2010. Virtual colonoscopy: meta-analysis of diagnostic performance, indications and
conditions of performance.
. Baxter NN, Goldwasser MA, Paszat LF et al. Association of colonoscopy and death from colorectal cancer. Ann
Intern Med, 2009; 150: 1-8.
. Brenner H, Hoffmeister M, Arndt V, Stegmaier C, Altenhofen L, Haug U. Protection from right- and left - sided
colorectal neoplasms after colonoscopy : population- based study . JNatl Cancer Institute , 2010; 102: 89-95.
. Nelson DB, McQuaid KR,Bond JH,Lieberman DA, Weiss DG, Johnston TK. Procedural success and complications
of large- scale screening colonoscopy . Gastrointest Endosc , 2002; 55: 307-314.15
. Burling D, Halligan S, Slater A, Noakes MJ, Taylor SA. Potentially serious opponent events at CT colonography in
symptomatic patients: National Survey of the United Kingdom. Radiology , 2006; 239(2).
. Blakeborough A, Sheridan MB, Chapman AH. Complications of barium enema examinations : has survey of U
consultant radiologists 1992 to 1994. Clinical Radiology , 1997; 52:142-148.
. Canard JM. What investigations are useful for diagnosing colon cancer? Gastroenterol Clin Biol, 1998; 22:S78-S84.
. Ott DJ. Accuracy of double- contrast barium enema in diagnosing colorectal polyps andcancer . Seminars in
Roentgenology , 2000; 4:333-341.
. Eliakim R, Fireman Z, Gralnek IM et al. Evaluation of the PillCam colon capsule in the detection of colonic
pathology : results of the first multicenter , prospective, comparative study. Endoscopy , 2006; 38(10): 963-970.
. Schoofs N, Devière J, Van Gossum A. PillCam colon capsule endoscopy compared with colonoscopy for colorectal
tumor diagnosis : a prospective pilot study . Endoscopy , 2006; 38(10): 971-977.
. Eliakim R, Yassin K, Niv Y et al. Prospective multicenter performance evaluation of the second- generation colon
capsule compared with colonoscopy . Endoscopy , 2009; 41(12):1026-1031.
. Selby JV, Friedman GD, Quesenberry CP, Weiss NS. Effect of fecal occult blood testing on mortality from colorectal
cancer. Ann Intern Med 1993; 118:1-6.
. Warhendorf J, Robra BP, Wiebelt H, Oberhausen R, Weiland M, Dhom G. Effectiveness of colorectal cancer
screening: results from a population- based case-control study in Saarland , Germany. Europ J Cancer Prev 1993;
:221-7.
. Lazovich D, Weiss NS, Stevens NG, White E, Knight B MC, Wagner EH. A case-control study to evaluate efficacy
of screening for faecal occult blood . J Med Screen 1995; 2:84-9.
. Zappa M, Castiglione G, Grazzini G, Falini P, Giorgi D, Paci E et al. Effect of faecal occult blood testing on
colorectal cancer mortality : results of a population- based case-control study in district of Florence, Italy . Int J
Cancer 1997; 73:208-10.
. Faivre J, Tazi MA, El Mrini T, Lejeune C, Benhamiche AM, Dassonville F. Faecal occult blood screening and
reduction of colorectal cancer mortality : a case-control study . Br J Cancer 1999; 79:680-3.
. Saito H, Soma Y, Koeda J, Wada T, Kawaguschi H, Sobue T et al. Reduction in risk of mortality from colorectal
cancer by fecal occult screening blood with immunochemical hemagglutination test. A case-control study . Int J
Cancer 1995; 61:465-9.
. Mandel JS, Bond JH, Church TR, Snover DC, Bradley GM, Schuman LM et al. Reducing mortality from colorectal
cancer by screening for fecal occult blood . Minnesota Colon Cancer Control Study . N Engl J Med 1993; 328:1365-
. Lang CA, Ransohoff DF. Faecal occult blood screening for colorectal cancer: is mortality reduced by chance
selection for screening colonoscopy ? JAMA 1994; 271:1011-3.
. Mandel JS, Ederer F, Church T, Bond J. Screening for colorectal cancer: which test is best? JAMA 1994; 272:1099.
. Mandel JS, Church TR, Ederer F, Bond JH. Colorectal cancer mortality : effectiveness of biennial screening for fecal
occult blood . J Natl Cancer Institute 1999; 91:434-7.
. Mandel JS, Church TR, Bond JH, Ederer F, Geisser MS, Mongin SJ et al. The effect of fecal occult-blood screening
on the incidence of colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 2000; 343:1603-7.
. Kronborg O, Fenger C, Olsen J, Jorgensen OD, Sondergaard O. Randomized study of screening for colorectal cancer
with faecal-occult-blood test. Lancet 1996; 348:1467-71.
. Hardcastle J, Chamberlain JO, Robinson MH, Moss SM, Amar SS, Balfour TW et al. Randomized controlled trial
of faecal-occult-blood screening for colorectal cancer. Lancet 1996; 348:1472-7.
. Tazi MA, Faivre J, Dassonville F, Lamour J, Milan C, Durand G. Participation in faecal occult screening blood for
colorectal cancer in a well defined French population: results of five screening rounds from 1988 to 1996. J Med
Screen 1997; 4:147-51.
. Kewenter J, Bjork S, Haglind E, Smith L, Svanvik J, Ahren C. Screening and rescreening for colorectal cancer. A
controlled trial of fecal occult blood testing in 27700 subjects . Cancer 1988; 62:645-51.
. Faivre J, Tazi MA, Milan C, Lejeune C, Durand G, Lamour J. Controlled trial of feacal occult blood screening for
colorectal cancer in Burgundy (France). Results of the first 9 years . Gastroenterology 1999; 116:A400.
. Durand G, Arveux P, Milan C, Quelier C, Bedenne L, Faivre J. Experience of a mass screening campaign for
colorectal cancers by general practitioners. Cah Sociol Demogr Med 1992; 22:197-206.
. Anonymous. Cancer of the cervix: death by incompetence . Lancet 1995; 17:363-4.
. Hakama J, Miller AB, Day NE. Screening for cancer of the uterine cervix. IARC Scientific Publication No. 76 , Lyon
. Gnauck R. Screening for colon cancer in Germany. Tumor 1995; 81(suppl.3):30-7
. Skrabanek P. Why is preventive medicine exempted from ethical constraints ? J Med Ethics 1990; 16:187-190.
. Jepson RG, Hewison J, Thompson A, Weller D. Patient perspectives on information and choice in cancer screening:
a qualitative study in the UK. Soc Sci Med 2007; 65:890-899.
. Sackett DL. Evidence- based medicine . Semin Perinatol 1997; 21:3-5
. Kotalik JF, Holloway G, Woodbeck H. The creation of a database for cancer screening: is the consent of clients
required ? Cancer Prev Control 1999; 3:119-124.
. Parsonnet J, Axon AT. Principles of screening and surveillance. Am J Gastroenterol 1996; 91:847-84916
. Simon JB. Fecal occult blood testing : clinical value and limitations.Gastroenterologist 1998; 6:66-78
. Segnan N, Patnick J, von Karsa L. (2010). European guidelines for quality assurance in colorectal cancer screening
and diagnosis - First edition . Publications Office of the European Union: Luxembourg
